广外2018年翻译硕士MTI考研复试真题

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完形填空：30词30空，需变换形式；30分

【undoubtedly, represent, livelihood, filled, variation, less, intensive, experience, include, exclude, household, level, manufacturing, avail, compete, need, hazard, sector, adjustment, exclusive, security, participate, access, increase, decline, care, prescribe, economic, rank, compel】

More and more women are now joining the paid labor force world-wide. They represent the majority of the workforce in all the _______ which are expanding as a result of globalization and trade liberalization—the informal sector, ________ subcontracting; export processing or free trade zones; homeworking; and the “flexible”, part-time, temporary, low-paid labor force. Even in countries which have low _______of women paid workers, such as the Arab countries, employment is rising.

In South-East Asia, women ________ up to 80 per cent of the workforce in the export processing zones, working mainly in the labor- _______ textile, toy, shoe and electronic sectors. In Latin American and the Caribbean, 70 per cent of _______ active women are employed in services. Many women in South-East Asia are moving from ________ into services.

Long _____ from many paid jobs and thus economically dependent on husbands or fathers, paid employment has ______ brought economic and social gains to many women. For many previously______ young women, the opportunity to gain financial independence, albeit limited and possibly temporary, has helped break down some of the taboos of their societies and______ on women’s behavior.

Any gains, however, should be seen in a wider context. _______ economic and social conditions throughout the world, in particular declining household incomes, have _______ many women to take any kind of paid work to meet their basic _______ and those of their families. The jobs _______ to them are, in the main, insecure and low-paid with irregular hours, high levels of intensity, little protection from health and safety _______ and few opportunities for promotion.

Women’s high ________ in informal employment is partly due to the fact that many jobs in the formal economy are not open to them: they are actively excluded from certain kinds of work or lack _______ to education and training or have domestic commitments. The _______ of women’s participation in the informal sector has been most marked in the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa where sharp economic decline and structural _______ policies have reduced the official job market drastically. As domestic markets are opened up to international ________ and quotas which restricted the quantity of imports from any one country are abandoned, cheap, subsidized foreign imports are threatening the _______ of many women small producers and entrepreneurs in “cottage industries”. In countries such as India and Bangladesh, for instance, more than 90 per cent of economically-active women work in the informal sector at jobs such hand loom weaving.

In general, women are paid ________ than men are, and women’s jobs pay less than men’s jobs. On average, most women earn 50 to 80 per cent of men’s pay, but there are considerable ______. In Tanzania, which _______ first in the world for pay equality, women earn 92 per cent of what men earn; in Bangladesh, they earn 42 per cent. Women also have less job _________ and fewer opportunities for promotion. Higher status jobs, even in industries which employ mostly women, tend to be ______ by men.

In addition, women usually have to continue their unpaid domestic and ________ work, such as of children, the sick and the elderly, which is often regarded as women’s “natural” and ________ responsibility. Even when they have full-time jobs outside the home, women take care of most _______ tasks, particularly the preparation of meals, cleaning and child care.

英译汉：40分

Modernization and economic development neither require nor produce cultural westernization. To the contrary, they promote a resurgence of, and renewed commitment to, indigenous cultures. At the individual level, the movement of people into unfamiliar cities, social settings, and occupations breaks their traditional local bonds, generates feelings of alienation and anomie, and creates crises of identity to which religion frequently provides an answer. At the societal level, modernization enhances the economic wealth and military power of the country as a whole and encourages people to have confidence in their heritage and to become culturally assertive. As a result, many non-Western societies have seen a return to indigenous cultures. It often takes a religious form, and the global revival of religion is a direct consequence of modernization. In non-Western societies this revival almost necessarily assumes an anti-Western cast, in some cases rejecting Western culture because it is Christian and subversive, in others because it is secular and degenerate. The return to the indigenous is most marked in Muslim and Asian societies. The Islamic Resurgence has manifested itself in every Muslim country.

East Asian societies have gone through a parallel rediscovery of indigenous values.For several centuries they, along with other non-Western peoples, envied the economic prosperity, technological sophistication, military power, and political cohesion of Western societies. They sought the secret of this success in Western practices and customs, and when they identified what they thought might be the key they attempted to apply it in their own societies. Now, however, a fundamental change has occurred. Today East Asians attribute their dramatic economic development not to their import of Western culture but to their adherence to their own culture. They have succeeded, they argue, not because they became like the West, but because they have remained different from the West. Now that they are no longer weak but instead increasingly powerful, they denounce as "human rights imperialism" the same values they previously invoked to promote their interests. As Western power recedes, so too does the appeal of Western values and culture, and the West faces the need to accommodate itself to its declining ability to impose its values on non-Western societies. In fundamental ways, much of the world is becoming more modern and less Western.

汉译英：30分

有一次，在拥挤的车厢门口，我听见一位男乘客客客气气地问他前面的一个 女乘客：“您下车吗？”女乘客没理他。“你下车吗？”他又问了一遍。女乘客还是 没有理他。“下车吗？”他耐不住了，放大了声问，那女乘客依然没有反应。“你 是聋子，还是哑巴？”他急了，捅了一下那女乘客，也引得车厢里的人都往这里 看。女乘客这时也急了，瞪起一双眼睛回手给了男乘客一拳。

见此情景，我猛然想起在60路沿线上有家福利工厂，女乘客可能就是个聋 哑人，听不见声音。我赶忙向男乘客做了解释，又用纸条写了一句话，举到女乘 客的眼前：“对不起！他要下车，他问了您好几声，您是不是没听见？”女乘客点 了点头，把道让开了。

从此以后，我就特别注意聋哑人的特征，还从他们那里学会了一些常用的手 语。比如，我可以用哑语问他们：“朋友，您好！”、“您到哪里下车？”、“您请 往里走！”、“谢谢”等等。这样，不仅我能更好地为他们服务，与他们进行感情 交流，也减少了一些他们与其他乘客的误会和纠纷。

#复试面试#

复述：speech repository上的一段视频"advantages and disadvantages on hitchhiking"，现在点进网站主页就能看到，在latest videos一栏。

视译：

英译汉

Conflicts have deepened and new dangers have emerged. Global anxieties about nuclear weapons are the highest since the Cold War. Climate change is moving faster than we are. Inequalities are growing. And we see horrific violations of human rights. Nationalism and xenophobia are on the rise. And as we begin 2018, I call for unity. I truly believe we can make our world more safe and secure. We can settle conflicts, overcome hatred and defend shared values. But we can only do that together. I urge leaders everywhere to make this New Year's resolution: Narrow the gaps. Bridge the divides. Rebuild trust by bringing people together around common goals. Unity is the path. Our future depends on it.（联合国秘书长古特雷斯2018新年致辞）

汉译英

现在，我们正处在一个大发展大变革大调整的时代，世界多极化、经济全球化、文化多样化、社会信息化深入发展。在这样的大背景下，一大批新兴市场国家和发展中国家异军突起，在国际事务中发挥着日益重要的作用。金砖合作也应运而生，我们五国怀着追求和平与发展的共同愿望走到一起。在过去10年中，金砖国家携手同行，成长为世界经济的新亮点。10年中，金砖国家探索进取，谋求共同发展。2008年爆发的国际金融危机突如其来，直接导致世界经济急刹车，至今未能重回正轨。面对外部环境突然变化，我们五国立足国内，集中精力发展经济、改善民生。10年间，五国经济总量增长179%，贸易总额增长94%，城镇化人口增长28%，为世界经济企稳复苏作出突出贡献，也让30多亿人民有了实实在在的获得感。（习近平：共同开创金砖合作第二个“金色十年”）

我被问到的问题

1：最近有读什么新闻吗？简单说一说

2：口译还是笔译?了解高翻院的翻译项目吗？

3：如果见到许渊冲大师，会问他什么问题?为什么？

4：做过翻译实践吗？